Amazon Web Services (AWS) is actively addressing the carbon footprint associated with data center construction and is working to reduce the embodied carbon in building materials. AWS is a signatory of The Climate Pledge, which aims to achieve net-zero carbon emissions by 2040. As part of these efforts, AWS has employed lower-carbon concrete and steel in 43 data centers worldwide, reducing its carbon footprint.
Some key strategies include redesigning data center elements to reduce the overall amount of steel and concrete used. This includes reevaluating design criteria for components like server racks and storage rooms. By eliminating the concrete topping from a mezzanine floor and using steel beams, AWS has saved approximately 115 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent per data center.
Cement, which is a significant contributor to embodied carbon in concrete, has been a focus for innovation. AWS is working with suppliers to develop lower-carbon concrete mixes that incorporate recycled byproducts, such as slag, and alternative cement types, like Portland-Limestone Cement (Type IL). These methods can reduce carbon emissions in concrete production by up to 50%.
AWS is also urging its suppliers to incorporate lower-carbon steel into their supply chains. Transitioning from basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steel production, which relies on fossil fuels, to electric-arc furnaces (EAF) that use scrap steel and renewable energy sources has led to a significant reduction in embodied carbon. AWS has also used higher-strength structural steel to reduce the weight required for the same function, further diminishing embodied carbon.
The Climate Pledge Fund, backed by Amazon and AWS, supports the development of environmentally-friendly technologies. This includes investments in companies pioneering carbon-negative cement manufacturing processes and innovative iron production techniques.
AWS is making substantial efforts to reduce the carbon footprint of its data centers by implementing lower-carbon materials, new design strategies, and encouraging sustainable practices among suppliers. This aligns with its commitment to combat climate change and achieve net-zero carbon emissions by 2040.
