The South African government’s plan to sunset 2G and 3G networks by the end of 2027 has ignited significant controversy, particularly from industry leaders advocating for a more gradual approach. The Association for Comms and Technology (ACT), representing major telecom companies in the country, strongly opposes the government-imposed deadlines, citing potential disruptions and economic burdens on consumers and businesses that rely on these older networks.
In a recent exchange with TechCentral, ACT’s CEO Nomvuyiso Batyi argued against the government’s timeline, stating, “There is no rush to set a deadline, neither is there a requirement in law or otherwise. [Government should] allow the industry to run the process and report to the regulator, Icasa [on their progress].” This sentiment reflects industry concerns that a hurried transition could disproportionately impact rural communities and lower-income segments, where 2G networks are still prevalent due to the affordability of 2G and 3G handsets.
The cost disparity is stark: while 2G phones can be purchased for as little as R150, the cheapest 4G handsets start at around R1,000, often viewed as luxury items due to additional taxes. Batyi emphasized the economic challenges faced by many South Africans, particularly those relying on social grants and facing high unemployment rates.
Beyond consumer handsets, industries like machine-to-machine (M2M) systems and vehicle tracking rely heavily on 2G technology. Replacing these systems with newer technologies could impose significant costs without immediate benefits, further complicating the transition.
The government’s rationale for the shutdown revolves around freeing up spectrum for more advanced technologies like 4G and 5G, which promise better efficiency and potential economic growth. Communications and Digital Technologies Minister Khumbudzo Ntshavheni emphasized the need to retire older technologies to ensure broader access to high-speed broadband, framing the shutdown as a necessary step towards national technological advancement.
However, ACT warns that rushing the shutdown could exacerbate the digital divide, disproportionately affecting poorer communities and reinforcing existing inequalities. They advocate for a measured, industry-led transition, supported by government initiatives to enhance digital skills and awareness among the population.
Drawing comparisons to South Africa’s prolonged digital TV migration, Batyi cautioned against arbitrary deadlines that overlook the socioeconomic context and readiness of the market. She pointed out that consumers tend to hold onto older devices until they become obsolete, driven by limited disposable income and the slow pace of device turnover in low-income households.
The debate underscores the intricate balance between technological progress and socioeconomic realities in South Africa. While the government aims to propel digital infrastructure forward, industry stakeholders like ACT emphasize the importance of a collaborative approach that considers the diverse needs and challenges across the population.
Balancing these perspectives will be crucial to ensuring a transition that benefits all South Africans without leaving vulnerable communities behind.
